目的研究醋酸铅对人肾小管上皮细胞系HK-2细胞NFκB、Bcl-2表达的影响及与细胞凋亡的关系。方法体外培养HK-2细胞分为0、2.5、5、10、20μmol/L醋酸铅组,分别染毒72h,应用间接免疫荧光-流式细胞术检测HK-2细胞NF-κB、Bcl-2蛋白表达的改变,用Annexin-V/PI双染法检测细胞凋亡。结果随着染铅剂量增加HK-2细胞NF-κB、Bcl-2蛋白表达逐步降低,NF-κB与Bcl-2降低显著相关(r=0.71,P<0.01);细胞凋亡率随着铅剂量增加而增加,在5、10、20μmol/L铅组与对照组比较差别有统计学意义(P<0.01);细胞凋亡率与NF-κB、Bcl-2蛋白表达呈明显负相关(r=-0.625,P<0.01;r=-0.709,P<0.01)。结论醋酸铅能下调HK-2细胞NF-κB、Bcl-2基因的表达,这可能是其诱导HK-2细胞凋亡的途径之一。 Objective To investigate the effect of lead acetate on the expression of NFκB and Bcl-2 in human renal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2 and its relationship with apoptosis. Methods HK-2 cells were divided into 0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20μmol / L lead acetate groups for 72h. The expressions of NF-κB and Bcl-2 protein in HK-2 cells were detected by indirect immunofluorescence-flow cytometry The changes of apoptosis were detected by Annexin-V / PI double staining. Results The expressions of Bcl-2 and NF-κB in HK-2 cells were decreased gradually with the lead dose increasing, and the expressions of Bcl-2 and NF-κB decreased significantly (r = 0.71, P <0.01) (P <0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between the apoptosis rate and the expressions of NF-κB and Bcl-2 in the lead (5,10,20μmol / L lead) group = -0.625, P <0.01; r = -0.709, P <0.01). Conclusion Lead acetate can down-regulate the expression of NF-κB and Bcl-2 genes in HK-2 cells, which may be one of the ways to induce apoptosis in HK-2 cells.