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花山岩画位于广西壮族自治区宁明县耀达乡,岩画岩石表面受环境因素的作用而风化明显,而且风化类型复杂多样,即有化学风化,也有物理风化,还存在生物风化。本文在岩画保存现状和环境温湿度及风速、风向调查的基础上,结合岩画岩石的XRD分析、偏光显微分析、化学全分析结果,研究了岩画岩石发生物理风化的原因。引起岩画发生物理风化的原因是多方面的,有保存环境中的高湿度、风速风向、光辐射、温差,与岩画岩石自身的物理性质也有关系,其中最主要的因素是高湿度环境。探讨了岩画物理风化病害的治理方法和对修复材料的要求。并依据岩画保存环境特征,研究了治理物理风化的最佳时间。
Huashan Rock Paintings are located in Yaoda Township, Ningming County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Rock surfaces of petroglyphs are weathered by environmental factors. The weathering types are complex and diverse, that is, chemical weathering, physical weathering and bio-weathering. Based on the status quo of rock preservation and environmental temperature and humidity, wind speed and wind direction, the paper analyzes the reason of petrophysical weathering of rock petroglyphs based on XRD analysis, Polarized light microscopy analysis and chemical analysis results. There are many reasons that cause petrophysical weathering of petroglyphs, such as high humidity in preservation environment, wind speed and direction, light radiation and temperature difference, which are also related to the physical properties of rock petroglyphs. The most important factor is the high humidity environment. This paper discusses the treatment methods of rock weathering physical weathering and the requirements for the restoration materials. According to the preservation characteristics of rock paintings, the best time to deal with physical weathering is studied.