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恩格斯在《卡尔·马克思》和《在马克思墓前的讲话》中指出,在马克思永垂科学史册的许多重要发现中,最重要的就是创立了唯物史观和剩余价值理论。①唯物史观是马克思和恩格斯批判地继承了人类文化发展的一切优秀成果,尤其是扬弃了黑格尔的唯心主义和费尔巴哈的形而上学唯物主义而形成的科学历史观。它把唯心主义从最后一个避难所即社会历史领域中驱逐了出来,为人类考察社会历史现象提供了惟一科学的理论和方法,使笼罩在社会历史领域的千年迷雾为之一扫。我们党提出的“三个代表”重要思想是马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论的继承和发展,是我们党在新的历史条件下创造性地运用唯物史观的典范。在“三个代表”重要思想中,代表中国先进文化的前进方向是一个极其重要的方面,也是“三个代表”重要思想不可分割的有机成分。对这一问题的正确理解,也必须运用唯物史观的理论和方法。本文仅就这一问题谈一些体会。
Engels pointed out in Karl Marx and in his speech at the tomb of Marx that the most important thing in many important discoveries in the annals of Marx’s history of science is the creation of the theory of historical materialism and surplus value. (1) Historical Materialism is a scientific and historical view formed by Marx and Engels critically inheriting all outstanding achievements in the development of human culture, especially the abandonment of Hegel’s idealism and Feuerbach’s metaphysical materialism. It expelled idealism from the last field of refuge, that is, the field of social history, and provided the only scientific theory and method for mankind’s investigation of social historical phenomena, sweeping away the millennial fog enveloped in social history and history. The important thinking of “three represents” put forward by our party is the succession and development of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory and an example of our party’s creative use of historical materialism under the new historical conditions. In the important thinking of the ’Three Represents,’ representing the advancing direction of China’s advanced culture is an extremely important aspect as well as an inalienable and integral part of the important thinking of the ’Three Represents.’ Correct understanding of this issue must also apply the theory and method of historical materialism. This article talks about some of this experience.