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目的:分析老年结核患者肺部感染的病原菌分布及感染危险因素,讨论有效的方法进行预防控制。方法:选取本院2013年2月至2014年月3月老年结核患者肺部感染患者120例,通过培养病源菌进行药敏实验的方式,研究老年结核患者肺部感染的病原菌的诱发因素。结果:120例患者中,发生肺部感染的患者共41例,感染率为31%,成功分离38株病原菌,其中革兰阴性菌共16株,占42.10%,革兰阴性菌20株,占52.63%,真菌4株占10.52%;诱发肺部感染的主要因素有年龄、住院时间、病程、并发症、侵入性操作、滥用抗菌药物。结论:老年结核患者肺部感染的发病率非常高,患者的年龄较大,抵抗力较大,应采取有效的预防控制措施,防止感染的发生,降低死亡率。
Objective: To analyze the distribution of pathogens in pulmonary infection in elderly patients with tuberculosis and risk factors of infection, and to discuss effective methods for prevention and control. Methods: From February 2013 to March 2014 in our hospital, 120 cases of pulmonary infection in elderly tuberculosis patients were selected. Through drug susceptibility test of pathogenic bacteria, the inducing factors of pathogenic bacteria in elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were studied. Results: Of the 120 patients, 41 were infected with pulmonary infection, the infection rate was 31%. 38 strains of pathogens were successfully isolated, of which 16 were Gram-negative bacteria (42.10%) and 20 were gram-negative bacteria 52.63% and 4 strains of fungi accounted for 10.52%. The main factors of inducing pulmonary infection were age, length of stay, course of disease, complications, invasive operation and abuse of antibacterial drugs. Conclusion: The incidence of pulmonary infection in elderly patients with tuberculosis is very high. The patients are older and more resistant. Effective preventive and control measures should be taken to prevent the occurrence of infection and reduce the mortality rate.