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目的探讨2012年北京市海淀区糖尿病流行现况。方法采用等比例多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,抽取海淀区18~79岁常住居民6 598人进行问卷调查、体格检查及血液生化指标的测定。采用SPSS 17.0软件对数据资料进行分析,率的比较采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果海淀区糖尿病患病率为12.35%(744/6 025),男性为14.91%(390/2 616),女性为10.38%(354/3 409),性别间比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=27.99,P<0.01)。糖尿病患病率随年龄的增长呈上升的趋势(趋势χ2=389.75,P<0.01),50岁以后尤为明显,且与职业、文化程度、体质指数有关。文化程度越低、体质指数越高,糖尿病患病率越高,文盲、半文盲患病率为24.43%,肥胖组达19.54%。糖尿病的知晓率、药物治疗率、控制率分别为68.55%、58.20%、31.05%。结论 2012年北京市海淀区居民的糖尿病患病率较4 a前有所升高,糖尿病患者的知晓率、药物治疗率、控制率也有明显提高,说明居民对糖尿病的认识有了提高,但加强危险因素干预,降低糖尿病患病率仍是当前的首要任务。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of diabetes in 2012 in Haidian District, Beijing. Methods A total of 6 598 permanent residents from 18 to 79 years old in Haidian District were recruited for questionnaire survey, physical examination and blood biochemical determination using the method of equal proportion and multistage cluster random sampling. SPSS 17.0 software was used to analyze the data, the rate was compared using χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The prevalence of diabetes in Haidian District was 12.35% (744/6 025), 14.91% (390/2 616) in males and 10.38% (354/3 409) in females, with significant difference between sexes (χ2 = 27.99, P <0.01). The prevalence of diabetes increased with age (trend χ2 = 389.75, P <0.01), especially after age 50, and related to job, education and body mass index. The lower the education level, the higher the body mass index, the higher the prevalence of diabetes, illiteracy, semi-illiteracy prevalence was 24.43%, obesity group reached 19.54%. The awareness rate of diabetes, drug treatment rate, control rates were 68.55%, 58.20%, 31.05%. Conclusion The prevalence of diabetes in residents of Haidian District in Beijing increased in 2012 compared with that of the previous 4 years. The awareness rate of patients with diabetes, the rate of drug treatment and the rate of control were also significantly increased. This shows that residents’ understanding of diabetes has been enhanced, Risk factor intervention to reduce the prevalence of diabetes is still the top priority.