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琮是中国古代玉制礼器之一,也是中国古代经典里面提到过的一种玉制器物。《周礼·大宗伯》记载:“以玉作六器,以礼天地四方,以苍璧礼天,以黄琮礼地,以青圭礼东方,以赤璋礼南方,以白琥礼北方。”同时这些礼玉还为等级制度服务。玉琮的形制呈方柱体,当中是上下相通的圆筒状。早在三十年代,玉琮即有出土;但多数流失于海外,因此人们对它的形状、面貌、时代、内涵、用途等问题一直没有足够的认识。
琮 is one of ancient Chinese jade etiquette, but also a jade artifact mentioned in ancient Chinese classics. “Zhou big tomb” records: “jade for the six devices, to courtesy world Quartet to Cangbi Li days, to the courtesy, to Qing Gui Li Oriental, to Chezhang Li South, to Baidali North.” At the same time, these ceremony jade also serve the hierarchy. Jade shape is a square cylinder, which is the upper and lower cylindrical shape. As early as the 1930s, jade ornaments have been unearthed. However, most of them have been lost abroad. Therefore, people have not got enough understanding about its shape, appearance, age, connotation and use.