建筑物是人类朝夕相处的庇护所,也是人类消耗能源、污染环境的重要场所之一。在古代,为了得到适宜的居住条件,建筑通常是以厚重的墙围合,尽量开小窗。这样,虽然室内热量损失较少,但也无法获得更多的阳光。由于具有较小的负荷和较高的蓄热能力,这样的建筑能在炎热的夏季保持室内凉爽,而在冬季,室内阴冷,必须用火炉来取暖。 Buildings are places of refuge for people to live with each other day by day, and they are also one of the important places where humans consume energy and pollute the environment. In ancient times, in order to obtain suitable living conditions, buildings were usually enclosed by thick walls, and small windows were opened as much as possible. In this way, although there is less heat loss in the room, more sunlight cannot be obtained. Due to the low load and high heat storage capacity, such buildings can keep the interior cool during hot summer months, while in the winter, the interior is cold and must be heated with a stove.