目的:分析贵港市出生缺陷的发生率、种类、流行特征及动态变化,提出干预措施,为有关部门制定政策提供依据,从而提高出生人口素质。方法:对2001～2006年围产儿出生缺陷情况进行分析,有关数据按照前3年与后3年进行分析。结果:监测围产儿83 356例,出生缺陷儿1 344例,发生率16.12‰,前3年与后3年出生缺陷发生率分别为15.83‰和16.34‰,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.30,P>0.05)。其中监测城市围产儿37 786例,出生缺陷393例,发生率10.40‰;监测农村围产儿45 570例,出生缺陷951例,发生率20.87‰。监测男性围产儿45 830例,出生缺陷697例,发生率15.21‰;女性围产儿37 495例,发生缺陷616例,发生率16.43‰;两性畸形31例。城市与农村对比,农村出生缺陷发生率明显高于城市,经χ2检验差异非常显著(χ2=142.04,P<0.001),而男性与女性围产儿对比出生缺陷发生率差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.90,P>0.05),出生缺陷前5位是胎儿水肿综合征、总唇腭裂、多指(趾)、脑积水、无脑儿。结论:根据出生缺陷监测结果,应采取综合干预措施,重点在农村,主要针对胎儿水肿综合征。 OBJECTIVE: To analyze the incidence, types, epidemiological characteristics and dynamic changes of birth defects in Guigang City and put forward intervention measures to provide basis for relevant departments to formulate policies to improve the quality of birth population. Methods: The incidence of perinatal birth defects from 2001 to 2006 was analyzed. The data were analyzed according to the first three years and the second three years. Results: A total of 83 356 perinatal infants and 1 344 children with birth defects were monitored. The incidence rate was 16.12 ‰. The incidence of birth defects in the first 3 years and the third 3 years after birth was 15.83 ‰ and 16.34 ‰, respectively, with no significant difference (χ2 = 0.30, P> 0.05). Among them, 37 786 perinatal births and 393 birth defects were detected in urban areas, with an incidence rate of 10.40 ‰; 45 570 perinatal births and 951 birth defects were monitored in rural areas, with a prevalence of 20.87 ‰. A total of 45 830 cases of perinatal malnutrition were observed, with 697 cases of birth defects, the incidence rate was 15.21 ‰. There were 37 495 cases of perinatal women with 616 cases of defects, the incidence rate was 16.43 ‰. There were 31 cases of maternal deformities. The incidence of birth defects in rural areas was significantly higher than that in urban areas (χ2 = 142.04, P <0.001), but there was no significant difference in the incidence of birth defects between male and female (χ2 = 1.90, P> 0.05). The top 5 birth defects were fetal edema syndrome, total cleft lip and palate, multiple fingers, hydrocephalus and no brain. Conclusion: According to the monitoring results of birth defects, we should take comprehensive interventions, with a focus on rural areas, mainly for fetal edema syndrome.