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水稻产量是由有效穗数、每穗实粒数和千粒重构成。三者相乘得到的值定义为理论产量，但理论产量和实际产量有时相差甚远。本文提出了拟合产量结构的一般模型：产量＝理论产量＋线性纠正＋随机误差。同时利用经验贝叶斯估计提出广综合一个地区不同品种数据的地区产量估计和综合不同地区的产址估计，对小样本的品种的产量估计可借用同一地区的其它品种资料而得到改进。相应的估计方差也同时给出。作为实例，文章分析了从浙江绍兴和富阳得到的数据。
Rice yield is determined by the effective panicle, grain number per panicle and 1000-grain weight. The value obtained by multiplying the three is defined as the theoretical yield, but the theoretical yield and the actual yield sometimes differ far. This paper presents a general model for fitting yield structure: yield = theoretical yield + linear correction + random error. At the same time, the empirical bayesian estimation is used to estimate the regional yield of different species in a region and synthesize the estimation of production sites in different regions. The estimation of the yield of the small sample can be improved by borrowing other species in the same region. The corresponding estimated variance is also given. As an example, the article analyzes the data from Shaoxing, Zhejiang and Fuyang.