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稻曲菌(有性态:Villosiclava virens;无性态:Ustilaginoidea virens)有性繁殖产生的子囊孢子是水稻稻曲病可能的初侵染源之一,交配型基因座对真菌有性繁殖中的性别控制起着决定性作用。为进一步揭示稻曲菌的有性繁殖方式,本研究首次克隆了稻曲菌交配型基因mat1-1-1的α-结构域(α-domain)相应核苷酸序列,发现其与麦角菌科真菌Cordyceps militaris、Cor.bassiana和Claviceps purpurea的mat1-1-1基因中α-结构域相应核苷酸序列同源性分别为61%、63%和68%;根据mat1-1-1和mat1-2-1部分基因序列设计特异性引物,并使用PCR方法检测了来源于3个异源子座的240个子囊孢子单孢菌株和50个田间菌株的交配型基因,结果显示稻曲菌mat1-1-1和mat1-2-1基因分别存在于不同菌株中;将具有相同或不同交配型基因的菌株配对接种,发现菌核通常产生在mat1-1-1和mat1-2-1基因型菌株配对接种产生的稻曲球上,其中大部分菌核可萌发产生子座,而菌株单独接种或具有相同交配型基因的菌株配对接种水稻后多数不能形成菌核;根据以上结果初步推断稻曲菌为异宗配合真菌。
Aspergillus oryzae (Sex: Villosiclava virens; Ustilaginoidea virens) sexual reproduction of ascospores is one of the possible primary sources of rice false smut infection, the mating type locus for sexual reproduction of fungi Control plays a decisive role. In order to further reveal the sexual reproduction of Aspergillus oryzae, we cloned the corresponding nucleotide sequence of α-domain of mat1-1-1, The corresponding nucleotide sequences of α-domain in fungi Cordyceps militaris, Cor.bassiana and Claviceps purpurea were 61%, 63% and 68%, respectively. According to mat1-1-1 and mat1- 2-1 partial gene sequence specific primers were designed and the PCR method was used to detect the mating type genes of 240 aspergillus spores and 50 field strains derived from three heteronomic loci. The results showed that the mat1- 1-1 and mat1-2-1 genes were present in different strains, respectively; strains with the same or different mating type genes were inoculated and found that sclerotia usually produced mat1-1-1 and mat1-2-1 genotype strains Most of the sclerotia could germinate on the rice curculion, and most of the sclerotia could germinate, but most of the sclerotia could germinate, but most of the sclerotia could not produce sclerotia after inoculation or inoculation with rice with the same mating type. According to the above results, Fight the heterosexual fungus.