Elevated serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level is the primary indication for prostate biopsy for detection of prostate cancer (PCa) in the modern era.The detection rate of PCa from biopsy is typically below 30％,especially among patients with PSA levels at 4-10 ng m1-1.In the past several years,additional biomarkers,such as Prostate Health Index,PCA3 and genetic risk score (GRS) derived from multiple PCa risk-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been shown to provide added value to PSA in discriminating prostate biopsy outcomes.