植酸及其盐类占土壤非有效态磷30%～40%,利用转基因技术结合常规育种手段培育能够分解利用植酸磷的作物新品种是解决这一问题的最新途径。本研究以农杆菌转化子叶节所获得的JL35-phyA为试材,采用PCR与RT-PCR进行目的基因检测,获得转基因阳性材料;随后将这些阳性材料与38个常规大豆杂交,实现phyA向不同大豆品种的转育。结果表明,利用农杆菌转化技术已将phyA转入吉林35,且基因在大豆根系能够正常转录表达,转基因株系的单株荚数、粒数、粒重及百粒重显著高于野生型,蛋白质和脂肪含量与野生型差异不显著;利用这些转基因株系,通过杂交转育获得F1阳性单株427个,涉及上述38个不同组合,说明目标基因phyA已转移到杂交后代;将F1阳性单株自交后筛选得到部分组合的阳性F2植株及F3子粒,经农艺性状考察,这些后代材料中存在丰富的遗传变异,并在杂交后代中选育出一些转有目标基因的优良株系,为今后培育转phyA大豆新品种(系)提供了一批重要的遗传资源。 Phytic acid and its salts account for 30-40% of non-available phosphorus in soil. It is the latest way to solve this problem by using transgenic technology combined with conventional breeding methods to breed new crop varieties that can decompose phytate phosphorus. In this study, JL35-phyA obtained from the transformation of cotyledonary node of Agrobacterium was used as material to detect the target gene by PCR and RT-PCR to obtain transgenic positive materials. Subsequently, these positive materials were crossed with 38 conventional soybean to achieve phyA to different Transfer of soybean varieties. The results showed that phyA was transformed into Jilin 35 by Agrobacterium transformation, and the gene was transcribed normally in soybean roots. The pod number, grain number, grain weight and 100-grain weight of transgenic lines were significantly higher than those of wild type, There was no significant difference in protein and fat content between wild-type and wild-type lines. Using these transgenic lines, 427 F1-positive plants were obtained by crossing with the above 38 different combinations, indicating that target gene phyA has been transferred to hybrid progeny. After selfing, some combinations of positive F2 plants and F3 seeds were screened out. After agronomic traits, there were abundant genetic variations in these offspring materials and some excellent lines with target genes were bred Future breeding of phyA soybean new varieties (lines) provides a number of important genetic resources.