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随着人口老龄化,盆腔器官脱垂(POP)在临床上日益多见,了解其发病原因在临床上具有积极的预防和治疗意义。近年研究发现,除常见的分娩损伤、腹内压增加和衰老外,遗传和医源性因素也是重要的高危因素。结缔组织疾病、先天性阴道直肠膈缺损或有POP一级家族史者患病率增加,提示遗传因素的重要性。子宫切除术后可能出现阴道穹隆脱垂,前盆腔重建术时,如阴道前壁修补术、阴道旁修补术、Burch手术和阴道无张力吊带类手术将使阴道轴向前移位屈曲,易促发肠膨出;而阴道后壁修补术,尤其是骶棘韧带固定术则有可能使阴道轴向后移位,易发生阴道前壁膨出。
With population aging, pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is increasingly seen in the clinic, to understand its causes of the disease has a positive clinical significance of prevention and treatment. Recent studies have found that in addition to common labor injury, increased intra-abdominal pressure and aging, genetic and iatrogenic factors are also important risk factors. Connective tissue disease, congenital vaginal rectal diaphragmatic defect or a family history of POP increased prevalence, suggesting the importance of genetic factors. Vaginal dome prolapse may occur after hysterectomy, anterior pelvic reconstructive surgery, such as anterior vaginal repair, vaginal repair, Burch surgery and vaginal tension-free surgery will make the anterior vaginal axial flexion, easy to promote Gland bulging; and vaginal posterior wall repair, especially sacrospinous ligament fixation is likely to shift the vagina axial, prone to bulging anterior vaginal wall.