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目的前列腺癌具有较高的死亡率,探求其有效治疗方式已成为学者的研究重点。本研究探讨香菇多糖联合环磷酰胺治疗前列腺癌荷瘤小鼠效果及联合治疗机制,为该联合治疗方案临床应用提供依据。方法利用RM-1细胞建立前列腺癌皮下移植小鼠模型,将60只Balb/c荷瘤小鼠随机平分为4组,即对照组(Control组,生理盐水治疗)、LNT组(香菇多糖治疗)、CTX组(环磷酰胺治疗)和LNT+CTX组(香菇多糖和环磷酰胺治疗);观察治疗后荷瘤小鼠肿瘤体积比与平均存活时间,苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察治疗后肿瘤组织病理学改变,检测荷瘤小鼠脾质量、脾指数和淋巴细胞水平确定荷瘤小鼠免疫功能情况。结果联合治疗后LNT+CTX组荷瘤小鼠肿瘤体积比达到3.51±0.80,显著低于Control组(t=3.174)、LNT组(t=2.730)和CTX组(t=3.086),P<0.05;且治疗16d后,LNT+CTX组肿瘤体积比出现下降趋势。HE染色结果进一步表明,LNT组、CTX组和LNT+CTX组肿瘤组织出现明显病理学改变,且LNT+CTX组病理学改变最明显。LNT+CTX组荷瘤小鼠平均存活时间达到60d,显著长于Control组(χ~2=7.747)、LNT组(χ~2=3.653)和CTX组(χ~2=2.784),差异有统计学意义,P<0.05。香菇多糖和环磷酰胺联合治疗后,LNT+CTX组荷瘤小鼠脾质量[(0.28±0.08)g]、脾指数[(16.96±2.48)mg/g]及淋巴细胞[CD3+为40.67±3.13,CD4+为25.76±1.90,CD4+/CD8+为1.62±0.24]显著低于LNT组,但高于CTX组和Control组,均P<0.05。治疗后各组荷瘤小鼠CD8+水平差异无统计学意义,P>0.05。结论香菇多糖与环磷酰胺联合作用共同减缓了肿瘤生长,提高了荷瘤小鼠存活时间,其可能机制是香菇多糖提高了环磷酰胺治疗小鼠的免疫功能,促进了对肿瘤杀伤。
Purpose Prostate cancer has a high mortality rate, to explore its effective treatment has become the focus of scholars. This study explored the effect of lentinan combined with cyclophosphamide in the treatment of prostate cancer-bearing mice and the mechanism of combination therapy, providing the basis for the clinical application of the combination therapy. Methods 60 BALB / c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: RM group (control group, saline group), LNT group (lentinan group) , CTX group (cyclophosphamide treatment) and LNT + CTX group (lentinan and cyclophosphamide treatment). The tumor volume ratio and mean survival time of tumor-bearing mice after treatment were observed, and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was observed Tumor tissue pathological changes after treatment, detection of tumor-bearing mice spleen mass, spleen index and lymphocyte levels to determine the immune function of tumor-bearing mice. Results The tumor volume ratio of LNT + CTX group was 3.51 ± 0.80, significantly lower than that of Control group (t = 3.174), LNT group (t = 2.730) and CTX group (t = 3.086) ; And after 16 days of treatment, the tumor volume ratio of LNT + CTX group showed a downward trend. The results of HE staining further showed that the pathological changes of LNT group, CTX group and LNT + CTX group were obvious, and the pathological changes of LNT + CTX group were the most obvious. The mean survival time in LNT + CTX group was 60 days, which was significantly longer than that in Control group (χ ~ 2 = 7.747), LNT group (χ ~ 2 = 3.653) and CTX group (χ ~ 2 = 2.784) Significance, P <0.05. After treatment with lentinan and cyclophosphamide, the spleen mass, spleen index [(16.96 ± 2.48) mg / g] and lymphocyte [CD3 + CD4 + / CD8 + was 1.62 ± 0.24], which was significantly lower than that of LNT group, but higher than that of CTX group and Control group (P <0.05). After treatment, there was no significant difference in the level of CD8 + between the mice in each group (P> 0.05). Conclusions The combined action of lentinan and cyclophosphamide can reduce the tumor growth and increase the survival time of tumor-bearing mice. The possible mechanism is that lentinan improves the immune function of cyclophosphamide-treated mice and promotes the tumor killing.