一、世界面临东亚崛起的新挑战从工业革命以来开始的向现代世界的过渡即世界现代化进程,迄今为止一共经历了三次大的发展浪潮。从18世纪后期英国工业革命开端,到19世纪中叶,出现了世界工业化——现代化的第一次大浪潮,中心区域在西欧。从19世纪下半叶到20世纪初,出现了世界工业化——现代化的第二次大浪潮,中心区域从西欧扩大到东欧与北美,拉美地区也受到很大影响;同时越过欧陆传到东亚,在日本取得独一无二的成功。从第二次世界大战后50年代到80年代,出 I. The New Challenge That the World Faces the Rise of East Asia The transition from the industrial revolution to the modern world, the process of world modernization, has undergone three major waves of development to date. From the beginning of the British industrial revolution in the late 18th century to the mid-19th century, the first wave of industrialization and modernization in the world took place. The central area was in Western Europe. From the second half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, the second great wave of industrialization and modernization in the world took place. The central area expanded from Western Europe to Eastern Europe and North America, and Latin America was also greatly affected. At the same time it spread across Europe to East Asia, Made in Japan a unique success. From the second half of the 1950s to the 1980s, out