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目的了解5岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染(Acute Respiratory Tract Infection,ARTI)中病毒感染状况,为临床提供相应的治疗和预防措施。方法在监测点医院采集确诊为ARTI的患儿咽拭子标本,采用多重PCR技术检测15种呼吸道病毒。结果 178例标本中共检出99例阳性,阳性率为55.62%。阳性标本中呼吸道合胞病毒A(Respiratory Syncytial Virus type A,RSV-A)占首位(占24.24%),其次递减为鼻病毒(Human Rhinovirus,HRV)、腺病毒(Adenovirus,ADV)、肠道病毒(Human Enterovirus,HEV)。2种及以上病毒混合感染病例14例,阳性率为7.87%,以HRV合并其他病毒的感染占首位。患儿不同季度感染病毒的阳性率具有显著性差异,第三季度病毒阳性率最高,第一季度最低。在不同的季度,患儿感染HEV、ADV、RSV-A、甲型流感病毒(Influenza virus type A,IVA)、副流感病毒2型(Parainfluenzavirus type 2,PIV2)具有显著性差异,第一季度感染ADV、PIV2阳性构成高于其他3个季度,第二季度感染IVA、第三季度感染HEV、第四季度感染RSV-A阳性构成各高于其另外3季度。4种主要病毒病原中RSV-A感染主要出现在第四季度,HRV和ADV在第一季度,HEV在第三季度。结论 RSV-A、HRV、ADV和HEV是石家庄地区儿童急性呼吸道病毒感染的主要病原,混合感染以HRV联合其他病毒为主。随季度不同而有一定的流行特征。
Objective To understand the status of virus infection in Acute Respiratory Tract Infections (ARTI) in children younger than 5 years old, and to provide corresponding clinical treatment and preventive measures. Methods Throat swabs from children diagnosed with ARTI were collected at the monitoring hospital and 15 kinds of respiratory viruses were detected by multiplex PCR. Results A total of 99 cases were positive in 178 cases, the positive rate was 55.62%. Respiratory syncytial virus type A (RSV-A) positive samples accounted for the first place (24.24%), followed by reduction to Human Rhinovirus (HRV), Adenovirus (ADV), Enterovirus (Human Enterovirus, HEV). In 14 cases of mixed infection with 2 or more viruses, the positive rate was 7.87%. The infection with HRV combined with other viruses was the highest. The positive rate of virus infection in different quarters of children was significantly different. The positive rate of virus in the third quarter was the highest, the lowest in the first quarter. In different quarters, there was a significant difference between children infected with HEV, ADV, RSV-A, Influenza virus type A (IVA) and Parainfluenzavirus type 2 (PIV2) The positivity of ADV and PIV2 was higher than that of the other three quarters. In the second quarter, the infection was IVA, the third quarter was infected with HEV, and the fourth quarter was infected with RSV-A positive construct, each higher than the other three quarters. Among the four major viral pathogens, RSV-A infection mainly occurred in the fourth quarter, with HRV and ADV in the first quarter and HEV in the third quarter. Conclusions RSV-A, HRV, ADV and HEV are the main pathogens of acute respiratory virus infection in children in Shijiazhuang. The combined infection is mainly HRV combined with other viruses. With the different quarters have some popular features.