LiFePO4 nanorods were facilely synthesized under hydrothermal condition. The crystalline structure and particle morphology of LiFePO4 powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The electrochemical properties of LiFePO4/Li cells were investigated by galvanostatic test and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The XRD result demonstrated LiFePO4 powder had an orthorhombic structure with a space group of Pnma. The synthesized LiFePO4 nanorods exhibited a first discharge capacity of 155 mAh·g-1 (91% of theorectical capacity) close to the theorectical capacity of LiFePO4 (170 mAh·g-1) at 0.1 C. The crystalline structure and particle morphology of LiFePO4 powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The electrochemical properties of LiFePO4 / Li cells were investigated by galvanostatic test and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The XRD result demonstrated that LiFePO4 powder had an orthorhombic structure with a space group of Pnma. The synthesized LiFePO4 nanorods exhibited a first discharge capacity of 155 mAh · g-1 (91% of theorectical capacity ) close to the theorectical capacity of LiFePO4 (170 mAh · g-1) at 0.1 C.