目的:探讨腰侧直切口治疗肾盂输尿管结石疗效。方法:回顾38例肾盂输尿管结石的手术,采用腰侧直切口入路,结石分别位于肾外型肾盂、输尿管上段(L2下缘～L5上缘)内,结石有单发,也有多发。结果所有患者均成功取石,无残留。术后恢复快,无后遗症。结论开放手术治疗肾盂输尿管结石仍是较常用的方法,腰侧直切口系通过肌间隙解剖入路,创伤小、恢复快、直接、简便且后遗症少、易掌握,特别适合基层或设备条件较差的医院应用。 Objective: To investigate the effect of straight incision on pelvis and ureterolithiasis. Methods: Thirty-eight cases of ureteropelvic calculi were retrospectively treated with straight incision of the waist. The calculi were located in the renal pelvis and upper ureter (upper edge of L2 to upper edge of L5). The stones were single and multiple. Results All patients were successful stone, no residue. Fast recovery after surgery, no sequelae. Conclusions Operative treatment of ureteropelvic ureteral calculi is still the most commonly used method. The straight incision of the lumbar spine is anatomized through the interspace of the muscle. The method has the advantages of less trauma, quicker recovery, less directness and less sequelae and easy to grasp, especially for the grassroots or poor equipment Hospital application.