顺治十三年(1656年),奉俄罗斯沙皇谕旨,俄国使团到访北京。由于国书递交方式问题,俄国与中方争执不下,最后清政府将其逐回国,俄国的国书和礼物也一并带回俄国。本文拟从当年中俄两国围绕国书呈递方式之争,分析争执的原因、经过和结果,探研清代外交文书——国书。 Shunzhi thirteen years (1656), served on the Russian tsar imperial edict, the Russian delegation to visit Beijing. Because of the way of submitting the credentials, Russia and China could not disagree. In the end, the Qing government pushed them back to their country and the Russian national letters and gifts were also brought back to Russia. This article intends to analyze the causes, the results and the results of the dispute over the presentation of the credentials between China and Russia in the same year and to probe into the diplomatic document of the Qing Dynasty - the national document.