“公有制低效率”作为改革公有制的依据,似乎已是共识。然而,程恩富教授提出的“公有制高绩效假说”认为,在公有制和私有制外部条件相同的情况下,公有制比私有制具有更高的绩效。该假说具有重大的理论价值和实践意义,为完善系统、科学的所有制结构改革提供了思想依据,因此十分有必要对该假说进行严格的数理证明。本文数理证明的结果显示,该假说具有良好的自封闭性,即在该命题的假设条件下,“公有制高绩效假说”是成立的,在外部条件大致相同的情况下,公有制在生产效率、资源配置效率、激励效率以及消费福利方面均不劣于私有制。这意味着,公有制的问题并不是公有制本身的问题,而是外部条件问题。企业改革的主要任务在于创新出与私有制企业相同的外部条件,而不是消灭公有制。 “Public ownership of low efficiency ” as the basis for the reform of public ownership, seems to have been consensus. However, Professor Cheng Enfu’s “public high performance hypothesis” proposed that public ownership has higher performance than private ownership under the same external conditions of public ownership and private ownership. This hypothesis has great theoretical value and practical significance, and provides the ideological basis for perfecting system and science ownership structure reform. Therefore, it is very necessary to prove the hypothesis strictly. The result of mathematical proof shows that the hypothesis has a good self-enclosedness, that is, under the hypothesis of the proposition, “public high performance hypothesis” is established. Under the condition of roughly the same external conditions, , Resource allocation efficiency, incentive efficiency and consumer welfare are not inferior to private ownership. This means that the issue of public ownership is not the issue of public ownership itself but the issue of external conditions. The main task of enterprise reform lies in innovating the same external conditions as those of private-owned enterprises, rather than eliminating public ownership.