任何高明的决策者也是难免失误的,历史上的历次改革是这样,当今的改革也是这样。但我们不能因为“难免”而允许屡犯错误。当人们的主观能动性发挥得好时,失误就少;当人们主观上有所疏忽时,失误就多。因此,决策失误虽难免,但不是不可以避免的。产生决策失误的主要原因是人们在决策时容易产生定向思维。一种观点、一项政策的胚胎一旦产生,就竭力寻找论证材料,直至观念形成和政策出台。它由少数感性材料萌生,然后寻找较多的材料证实,顶多再按原来的认识 It is inevitable that any clever decision-maker will make mistakes. This is the case with all the previous reforms in history and the same with today’s reforms. But we can not allow repeated mistakes because of “inevitable.” When people’s subjective initiative play well, mistakes less; when people subjective negligence, mistakes more. Therefore, although mistakes are inevitable, but not inevitable. The main reason for making mistakes in decision-making is that people tend to produce directional thinking when making decisions. In one view, once an embryo of a policy is created, it strives to find evidence of argument until the formation of an idea and the introduction of a policy. It is sprouted by a small number of perceptual materials, and then find more proof of the material, at most, according to the original understanding