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目的探讨流行性腮腺炎的临床特征及各种并发症转归。方法选择160例流行性腮腺炎患者,收集患者流行病学资料及一般情况、临床症状、化验检查等资料,分析临床特征及疾病转归。结果160例流行性腮腺炎患者中,男122例(76.3%),女48例(30.0%);发病年龄1~40岁,1~12岁105例(65.6%),13~40岁55例(34.4%)。合并脑膜脑炎等并发症(包括多重并发)患者106例(66.3%),住院平均天数6.8 d。160例流行性腮腺炎患均有发热及一侧或双侧腮腺肿大,部分患者同时伴有头痛、腹痛、恶心、呕吐、腹泻、便秘等症状。3.流行性腮腺炎患者在3~7 d可出现各种并发症,其中脑炎、胰腺炎、睾丸炎、心肌炎最常见。结论流行性腮腺炎在儿童及青少年中常见,早期易与其他多种疾病混淆,应提高对本病的认知,减少误诊率。
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of mumps and the prognosis of various complications. Methods A total of 160 cases of mumps were selected and the epidemiological data, general situation, clinical symptoms and laboratory tests were collected to analyze the clinical characteristics and the prognosis of the disease. Results Among the 160 cases of mumps, 122 (76.3%) were male and 48 (30.0%) were female. The age of onset was 1-40 years old, 105 cases (65.6%) were 1-12 years old and 55 cases were 13-40 years old (34.4%). 106 patients (66.3%) had complications such as meningoencephalitis (including multiple complications), and the average number of hospital days was 6.8 d. All 160 patients with mumps had fever and one or both parotid gland enlargement. Some patients were accompanied by symptoms of headache, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and constipation. 3. Mumps patients in 3 ~ 7 d may appear various complications, including encephalitis, pancreatitis, orchitis, myocarditis most common. Conclusions Mumps is common in children and adolescents. It is easy to be confused with many other diseases in early stage. Mumps should be better cognized and less misdiagnosed.