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菌群变迁流行性脑脊髓膜炎(下称流脑)双球菌原有 A、B、C、D 4群,新发现 X、Y、Z、W_(135)和29E(即Z′)5群。A 群已知有2型,B 群32型,C 群11型。美、欧菌群发生了重大变化,A 群大减,B 群和 C 群成为优势菌;新近 Y 群和 W_(135)群发病率明显上升。从病人血液和脑脊液分离的菌株均能分群;凡是不能分群的菌株,无荚膜,能自凝,多存在于健康带菌者的鼻咽部。此外,还从关节腔、心包、气管吸出物、泌尿生殖系统、盆腔、直肠以及腹膜腔等处或病灶分离出脑膜炎双球菌,其中大多属于 X—29E 群。
Mycobacterial changes Epidemic meningitis (hereinafter referred to as meningitis) of the original streptococcal A, B, C, D 4 groups, newly found X, Y, Z, W_ (135) and 29E . Group A is known to have type 2, group B 32, group C 11. Significant changes have taken place in the United States and European flora, group A greatly reduced, B and C groups became the dominant bacteria; the incidence of recent Y group and W_ (135) group increased significantly. Strain isolated from the patient’s blood and cerebrospinal fluid can be divided into groups; those who can not cluster strains, no capsule, can self-coagulation, mostly in the nasopharynx of healthy carriers. In addition, meningococcus is also isolated from articular cavities, pericardium, tracheal aspirates, genitourinary system, pelvic, rectal and peritoneal cavities, etc. Most of them belong to group X-29E.