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宫内放置节育器已成为计划生育的重要措施之一,其方法简便、安全可靠、有效率较高(根据1978年全国资料报道有效率达90.14%),广大生育期妇女均乐于采用。为减少宫内节育器(以下简称节育器)的副反应和提高有效率,国内外十分重视新型节育器的研制(目前已有多种第二代节育器问世),并把防治节育器的副反应和手术并发症作为一个重要的课题。节育器的副反应主要为月经异常、不规则阴道出血或大出血、腰酸腹痛、白带增多等。一、月经异常及不规则阴道出血常发生在放置节育器的初期,多见于半年以内(尤其是第一个月内),阴道流血淋漓不断,量或多或少,持续时间十余天,甚至1个月左右。月经异常表现为周期短,经期延长,血量增多。但随着放置时间延长而逐渐好转。
Intrauterine placement of IUDs has become one of the important measures of family planning. The method is simple, safe and reliable, and has high efficiency (according to the 1978 national data, the effective rate is 90.14%). The majority of women of reproductive age are happy to adopt it. To reduce the IUD (hereinafter referred to as IUD) side effects and improve efficiency, the domestic and foreign attaches great importance to the development of new IUD (there are a variety of second-generation IUDs come out), and the prevention and treatment of IUD Response and surgical complications as an important issue. The main side effects of IUD abnormal menstruation, irregular vaginal bleeding or bleeding, backache, abdominal pain, increased vaginal discharge and so on. First, irregular menstruation and irregular vaginal bleeding occurs in the initial placement of the IUD, more common in less than six months (especially the first month), vaginal bleeding dripping, more or less the amount of duration of more than ten days, or even About 1 month. Menstrual abnormalities showed short cycle, menstrual period, increased blood volume. But gradually improved as time went by.