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迁地保护是防止物种灭绝的有效措施。为了解在新栖息地兰科植物与昆虫之间的关系,从而为兰科植物的保护提供借鉴,作者对迁地栽培于深圳市全国兰科植物种质资源保护中心的本地种血叶兰(Ludisia discolor)和外来种银带虾脊兰(Calanthe argenteo-striata)的传粉系统和繁殖策略进行了观察和研究。血叶兰和银带虾脊兰都具有白色小花组成的花序,且花有距。在开放栽培条件下,菜粉蝶(Pieris rapae)是这两种兰科植物唯一有效的传粉者。菜粉蝶携带血叶兰和银带虾脊兰花粉块的部位分别是降落时平衡身体的左侧足部和取食花蜜的喙。两种兰科植物传粉效率较高,花粉移走与沉降的比值分别为1.14:1和0.74:1。血叶兰的结实率在2007和2008两年间无显著差异,且均高于银带虾脊兰。究其原因,一方面是由于它为传粉者提供报酬;另一方面是因为血叶兰的花期与菜粉蝶的盛发期相吻合,有利于充分利用传粉者;而银带虾脊兰的花期滞后于菜粉蝶的盛发期,传粉者缺失使得部分花未能授粉。血叶兰和银带虾脊兰都是高度自交亲和的物种,但不存在无融合生殖和自动自花授粉的现象;自交和异交的繁殖成功率无显著差异。这两种兰科植物可能存在由传粉者导致的自交现象。血叶兰和银带虾脊兰在迁地栽培到兰科中心后生长良好,每年花期都有自然结果的现象,植株周围有新生幼苗的建立,种群有逐渐扩大的趋势,显示出迁地保护的可行性。可以预测若干年后,这两个种在兰科中心具有建立稳定种群的可能性。
Ex situ conservation is an effective measure to prevent the extinction of species. In order to understand the relationship between orchids and insects in new habitats, and to provide reference for the protection of orchids, the authors plan on ex situ cultivation of native species of Orchidaceae (Orchidaceae) in Shenzhen National Orchidaceae Germplasm Resource Conservation Center Ludisia discolor and Calanthe argenteo-striata were observed and studied. Blood leaf and silver with shrimp spruce have white flowers composed of inflorescence, and flowers from the distance. Pieris rapae is the only effective pollinator for these two orchid species under open cultivation. Cabbage butterfly carrying blood Yelan and silver with shrimp orchid pollen block parts are the balance of the body when landing on the left side of the foot and the beak feeding nectar. The pollination efficiency of two orchidaceae was higher, and the ratio of pollen removal and sedimentation were 1.14: 1 and 0.74: 1, respectively. There was no significant difference in the seed setting rate between the two cultivars in 2007 and 2008, both of which were higher than those in the silver belt. The reason is partly because it provides remuneration for pollinators; on the other hand, because the flowering period of Hemerocallis is consistent with the flourishing period of Pieris rapae, it is conducive to making full use of pollinators; Lag in the flourishing period of the cabbage butterfly, pollinators missing part of the flowers failed to pollination. Both P. septempunctata and P. przewalskii are highly self-compatible species, but there is no phenomenon of apomixis and auto-pollination; there is no significant difference in the success rate of selfing and outbreeding. These two orchidaceous plants may have self-fertility due to pollinators. Heteropappus and silver shrimp Landrace cultivated to the Orchidaceae after the relocation of a good ground, each annual flowering has a natural result of the phenomenon of new plants around the establishment of seedlings, the population has gradually expanded, showing that ex-situ conservation Feasibility. It can be predicted that after several years, both species have the potential to establish a stable population at Orchidaceae.