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利用超临界乙醇修饰纳米Al2O3,得SCE-Al2O3,使其表面沉积活性基团;以4,4′-二氨基二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺(BMI)为基体、3,3′-二烯丙基双酚A(BBA)和双酚A双烯丙基醚(BBE)为活性稀释剂、聚醚砜(PES)为增韧剂、SCE-Al2O3为改性剂,通过原位聚合法合成了SCE-Al2O3/PES-BMI-BBA-BBE复合材料。采用SEM和FTIR观察分析了SCE-Al2O3纳米粒子和PES的增韧机制。结果表明:SCE-Al2O3纳米粒子处理时间不宜过长,5min为宜;FTIR显示在3 457cm-1附近的—OH吸收峰增强,说明粒子表面沉积了活性基团—OH;PES与BMI-BBA-BBE呈现两相结构,PES树脂以“蜂窝”状均匀分散在聚合物基体BMI-BBA-BBE中,PES用量增加会使其粒子尺寸增大,适宜用量为5wt%。SCE-Al2O3/PES-BMI-BBA-BBE复合材料的耐热性能测试结果显示:PES树脂会使材料的热分解温度降低,但SCE-Al2O3会提高材料的耐热性能,4wt%SCE-Al2O3/PES-BMI-BBABBE的热分解温度为444.41℃,较基体树脂提高了20.52℃,600℃时残重率为47.64%,提高了7.09%。
Using supercritical ethanol modified nano-Al2O3, SCE-Al2O3, so that the surface deposition of active groups; 4,4’-diaminodiphenylmethane bismaleimide (BMI) as the base, Allyl bisphenol A (BBA) and bisphenol A diallyl ether (BBE) as reactive diluents, polyethersulfone (PES) as toughener, SCE-Al2O3 as modifier, and in situ polymerization The SCE-Al2O3 / PES-BMI-BBA-BBE composites were synthesized. The toughening mechanism of SCE-Al2O3 nanoparticles and PES was analyzed by SEM and FTIR. The results showed that the treatment time of SCE-Al2O3 nanoparticles should not be too long, 5min is appropriate; FTIR showed that the -OH absorption peak near 3 457cm-1 increased, indicating that the active groups -OH were deposited on the surface of the particles; BBE exhibits a two-phase structure. The PES resin is uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix BMI-BBA-BBE in a “honeycomb” shape. Increasing the amount of PES increases the particle size of the PES resin. The suitable amount is 5 wt%. The results of heat resistance test of SCE-Al2O3 / PES-BMI-BBA-BBE composites show that the thermal decomposition temperature of PES resin decreases, but SCE-Al2O3 increases the heat resistance of the composites. The thermal decomposition temperature of PES-BMI-BBABBE was 444.41 ℃, which was 20.52 ℃ higher than that of matrix resin. The residual weight of PES-BMI-BBABBE was 47.64% and increased by 7.09% at 600 ℃.