煤炭是千百万年来植物的枝叶和根茎,在地面上堆积而成的一层极厚的黑色的腐植质,由于地壳的变动不断地埋入地下,长期与空气隔绝,并在高温高压下,经过一系列复杂的物理化学变化等因素,形成的黑色可燃沉积岩,这就是煤炭的形成过程。煤炭被人们誉为黑色的金子、工业的食粮,它是十八世纪以来人类世界使用的主要能源之一。一座煤矿的煤层厚薄,与这地区的地壳下降速度及植物遗骸堆积的多少有关。地壳下降的速度快, Coal is the foliage and rhizome of millions of years of plants. The extremely thick black humus accumulated on the ground, continuously buried in the ground due to the crustal changes, is isolated from the air for a long time and under high temperature and pressure, After a series of complex physical and chemical changes and other factors, the formation of black combustible sedimentary rocks, and this is the formation of coal. Coal was hailed as black gold, the food of industry, and it was one of the major sources of energy used by the human world since the eighteenth century. The thickness of a coal seam in a coal mine is related to the rate of crustal descent and the accumulation of plant remains in this area. The rapid decline of the crust,