中国古代思想研究中,“德”是一个比较复杂的观念,后世直接解释为“道德”。而夏、商、周三代,相当长的一段时间里,“德”观念与天道观念相联系,真正走出天命的影响,是在西周时期,深入到人的心灵层面上则是在春秋战国时期思想家的贡献,到那时为止“德”作为一种抽象的观念才真正的形成,也就是现代意义上我们所理解的德观念。在“德”观念的形成中有一个很明显的分水岭是商周,这是因为商周在政治上,在对待天命信仰的态度上有着较大不同的原因。 In the study of ancient Chinese thoughts, “morality ” is a rather complicated concept, which is directly interpreted as “morality ” in later generations. In the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties, for quite some time, the concept of “morality” is connected with the concept of heaven and earth and the real influence of destiny is that in the Western Zhou Dynasty, The contribution of period thinkers, until then, “Germany” as an abstract idea was truly formed, that is, in the modern sense we understand the concept of Germany. There is a clear watershed in the formation of the notion of “morality” in Shang and Zhou dynasties because of the largely different reasons political and post-war beliefs in fate are taken up.