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目的了解山东儿童纯母乳喂养持续时间现状及其影响因素,为母乳喂养的科学干预提供依据。方法利用国家第五次卫生服务调查数据资料,选取山东省0~5岁儿童为研究对象,采用Kaplan-Meier法对纯母乳喂养持续时间进行生存曲线估计,用Cox回归模型分析其影响因素。结果 1 630名儿童的纯母乳喂养持续时间均值为6.15个月,地区、母亲文化程度、家庭收入、辅食添加时间、母亲是否流产、出生方式、父母婚姻状况是纯母乳喂养持续时间的影响因素。结论山东儿童纯母乳喂养持续时间与WHO标准接近,但6月龄内纯母乳喂养率较低,需采取有效干预措施提高儿童母乳喂养率和母乳喂养持续时间。
Objective To understand the status and influencing factors of the duration of pure breastfeeding in Shandong and to provide evidence for the scientific intervention of breastfeeding. Methods Based on the data of the fifth national health service survey, we selected children from 0 to 5 years old in Shandong Province as study subjects. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the survival curve of exclusive breastfeeding duration. Cox regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results The average duration of exclusive breastfeeding among 1 630 children was 6.15 months. The factors influencing the duration of exclusive breastfeeding were regional, mother’s educational level, family income, time of complementary feeding, mother’s abortion, birth pattern and marital status. Conclusion The duration of exclusive breastfeeding of Shandong children is close to the WHO standard. However, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in 6-month-old children is relatively low. Effective interventions should be taken to increase the rate of breastfeeding and the duration of breastfeeding.