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敬语是体现语言表现主体与谈话对象以及话题中人物的社会关系(亲疏、权力大小)及态度的言语表现。语言伴随时代的发展而发生变化。近年来,日本社会频频出现日语的误用现象,特别集中在本身就体系复杂,难以掌握的敬语方面,成为社会语言学研究人员以及日语教师关注的对象。本文从争议话题最集中的“バイト敬語”(打工敬语)出发,分析这些语言现象的形成原因,并探讨日语敬语教学中的注意事项。
The honorific expression is the expression of speech that expresses the social relations (kindness, power and size) and attitude of the subject of the language expression and the object of the conversation and the person in question. Language changes with the development of the times. In recent years, the misuse of Japanese has frequently occurred in Japanese society, and it has been particularly focused on the respect of the system, which is complicated and difficult to grasp, and has become a focus of attention for sociolinguistic researchers and Japanese teachers. This article starts with the most controversial topic of “respectful words” (honored words), analyzes the causes of these language phenomena, and discusses the precautions in the Japanese language teaching.