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目的 以左向右分流的大鼠为对象 ,观察高肺血流量及长期雾化吸入硝酸甘油 (NTG)对肺血管舒张反应的影响。方法 雄性Wistar大鼠 1 7只 ,分为吸入组 (n =5)、分流组 (n =5)和对照组 (n =7)。分流组和吸入组用手术造成腹主动脉和下腔静脉之间左向右分流。手术后饲养 1 2周 ,开始压力喷射雾化吸入。吸入组吸入NTG ,分流组和对照组吸入生理盐水 ,每日吸一次 ,每次吸 1 0min ,共吸 3周。之后取肺动脉环离体灌流 ,观察其对乙酰胆碱 (Ach)、硝普钠、NTG的舒张反应。结果 与对照组相比 ,吸入组和分流组的肺动脉环对Ach舒张反应明显减弱 (P <0 .0 5) ;三组血管环对硝普钠和NTG舒张反应无明显差别。结论 高肺血流量产生的高切应力损伤了肺动脉对Ach的舒张功能 ,长期雾化吸入NTG没有使之改善。
Objective To investigate the effects of high pulmonary blood flow and long-term inhaled nitroglycerin (NTG) on pulmonary vasodilation in rats with left-to-right shunting. Methods Seventeen male Wistar rats were divided into inhalation group (n = 5), shunt group (n = 5) and control group (n = 7). Shunt group and inhalation group surgery left to right between the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava shunt. After surgery for 1 2 weeks, start pressure spray inhalation. Inhalation group inhaled NTG, shunt group and control group inhaled saline, once a day, each suction 10min, a total of 3 weeks. After taking the pulmonary artery ring perfused to observe the relaxation of acetylcholine (Ach), sodium nitroprusside, NTG. Results Compared with the control group, the pulmonary artery rings of the inhaled and shunt groups attenuated the relaxation of Ach significantly (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the three groups in the relaxation of sodium nitroprusside and NTG. Conclusions The high shear stress induced by high pulmonary blood flow damages the relaxation of pulmonary artery to Ach. Long-term inhalation of NTG did not improve it.