目的调查亚临床注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)儿童的临床特征及其共存行为问题的分布,研究该群体临床干预的必要性。方法采用韦氏儿童智力量表和Vanderbilt ADHD评定量表,对130例ADHD儿童、101例亚临床ADHD儿童进行测定并与正常对照组进行比较。结果 ADHD组平均言语智商、操作智商和总智商分别为93.40±14.74、92.70±13.93和92.46±14.21;亚临床ADHD组分别为97.03±12.28、95.44±11.97和95.97±10.78,两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.01)。ADHD组、亚临床ADHD组和正常组的注意缺陷因子平均得分分别为2.06±1.57、1.57±0.39和0.91±0.51,三组多动和冲动因子的平均得分分别是1.75±0.59、1.23±0.51和0.68±0.48,均为ADHD组>亚临床ADHD组>正常组(P均<0.01)。三组功能评分均值分别为2.90±0.60、2.65±0.54和2.06±0.51,亦为ADHD组>亚临床组>正常组(P<0.01)。ADHD组和亚临床ADHD组常见内外化行为问题筛查率差异无统计学意义(P>0.01),均显著高于正常组儿童(P均<0.01)。结论亚临床ADHD儿童虽未符合ADHD全部诊断标准,但仍有必要进行相应的干预以及常规进行其它内外化行为问题筛查。 Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of children with subclinical attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the distribution of their coexistence behavior problems, and to study the necessity of clinical intervention in this group. Methods The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children and Vanderbilt ADHD Rating Scale were used to measure 130 children with ADHD and 101 children with subclinical ADHD and compare with the normal control group. Results The average verbal IQ, ADQ and total IQ of ADHD group were 93.40 ± 14.74, 92.70 ± 13.93 and 92.46 ± 14.21 respectively. The levels of subclinical ADHD were 97.03 ± 12.28, 95.44 ± 11.97 and 95.97 ± 10.78, respectively Statistical significance (P> 0.01). ADHD group, subclinical ADHD group and normal group the average score of attention deficit factor was 2.06 ± 1.57,1.57 ± 0.39 and 0.91 ± 0.51, the average scores of the three groups of hyperactivity and impulsivity were 1.75 ± 0.59,1.23 ± 0.51 and 0.68 ± 0.48, all were ADHD group> subclinical ADHD group> normal group (all P <0.01). The average scores of three functional groups were 2.90 ± 0.60, 2.65 ± 0.54 and 2.06 ± 0.51, respectively, also in ADHD group> subclinical group> normal group (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the common screening rates of internal and external behavior between ADHD group and subclinical ADHD group (P> 0.01), which were significantly higher than those in normal group (all P <0.01). Conclusion Although sub-clinical ADHD children do not meet all diagnostic criteria for ADHD, there is still a need for appropriate interventions and routine screening for other internal and external behavioral problems.