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核能用钒合金要求纯净度极高,一般都要进行真空熔炼去杂质,但目前对钒合金真空熔炼去杂质的条件和机制还不很清楚。为此,本文对钒合金真空熔炼过程杂质元素的去除机制和热力学条件进行了较全面的理论计算和实验数据对比分析,结果表明:钒合金真空熔炼过程中,Al、Fe、Cr、Cu、Ni、Si、Ca、Ti等金属杂质元素都能以金属蒸汽的形式挥发去除;合金中的氧能够以碳氧化物或低价金属氧化物VO(g)、AlO(g)、Al_2O(g)、TiO(g)、SiO(g))形式除去;合金中氢的除去效果也比较好,但合金中的氮则基本不能通过真空熔炼除去。
Vanadium alloy used in nuclear energy requirements of very high purity, generally have to carry out vacuum melting to impurities, but the current vacuum melting vanadium alloy to the conditions and mechanisms are not yet clear. Therefore, in this paper, the removal mechanism and thermodynamic conditions of impurity elements in the process of vacuum smelting vanadium alloy are comprehensively studied and compared with the experimental data. The results show that Al, Fe, Cr, Cu, Ni , Si, Ca, Ti and other metal impurity elements can be evaporated in the form of metal vapor; the oxygen in the alloy can be carbon oxides or low-valent metal oxides VO (g), AlO (g), Al 2 O TiO (g) and SiO (g)). The removal of hydrogen in the alloy is also better, but the nitrogen in the alloy can not be removed by vacuum melting.