关于成人肺炎的发病率、病因学及治疗已有明确的介绍,由于儿童肺炎缺乏认可的临床定义,其发病率又受多种因素影响,诸如经济条件差,兄弟姊妹多,父母吸烟及早产均与幼儿期肺炎发病率高有关,加之资料的收集与对比困难,影响了研究工作。城市肺炎患儿住院者可能是农村的两倍,某些肺炎的病原体在流行上有季节性,呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)于冬季流行,支原体肺炎则每隔数年引起 The incidence, etiology and treatment of adult pneumonia have been clearly described. Due to the lack of a recognized clinical definition of childhood pneumonia, the incidence is influenced by many factors, such as poor economic conditions, siblings, parental smoking and preterm birth With the high incidence of pneumonia in early childhood, coupled with the difficulties in the collection and comparison of information, affecting the research work. Inpatients with urban pneumonia may be twice as likely to be hospitalized in rural areas, some of the pneumococcal pathogens are prevalent in the epidemic, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is prevalent in winter, and mycoplasma pneumonia is caused every few years