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目的观察足底腱膜的形态结构,为临床应用提供相关的解剖学资料。方法解剖50只10%甲醛固定的足,观察足底腱膜浅层的形态结构;测量足底腱膜中间部(跖腱膜)止于跖骨头处内、外侧纤维束的厚度与长度;跖腱膜中间部的厚度。结果足底腱膜浅层的纤维结构主要参与前外侧部足底脂肪垫的构成,并形成与足底皮纹相似的螺旋纤维板状结构,足跟部足底腱膜浅层的纤维结构较为稀疏。中间部的厚度为(2.168±0.1139)mm;跖腱膜于第1跖骨头处内、外侧纤维束的厚度分别为(1.33±0.08)mm、(1.46±0.07)mm,明显大于止于2~5跖骨头处的内、外侧纤维厚度,P<0.05;第5跖骨头处的内、外侧纤维厚度分别为(0.29±0.02)mm、(0.37±0.04)mm,明显小于1~4跖骨头处的内、外侧纤维厚度,P<0.05。结论足底腱膜浅层主要参与足前外侧脂肪垫的构成,足底腱膜深层对维持足部纵弓的稳定起着非常重要的作用,在足部受力时有效地避免足前部趾足底总神经、趾足底总血管受压。
Objective To observe the morphology and structure of plantar aponeurosis and provide relevant anatomical data for clinical application. Methods 50 cases of 10% formalin-fixed feet were dissected and the superficial structure of the plantar aponeurosis was observed. The thickness and length of the medial and lateral fiber bundles in the medial plantar fascia (plantar fascia) Thickness of the middle part of the aponeurosis. Results The fibrous structure of the superficial plantar aponeurosis mainly involved in the formation of the anterolateral fat pad and formed a spiral fibrillar structure similar to the plantar dermatoglyphics. The fibrous structure of the superficial plantar aponeurosis in the heel was relatively sparse . The thickness of medial part was (2.168 ± 0.1139) mm. The thickness of the plantar fascia at the first metatarsal head was (1.33 ± 0.08) mm and (1.46 ± 0.07) mm, respectively, (P <0.05). The medial and lateral fiber thickness of the fifth metatarsal head were (0.29 ± 0.02) mm and (0.37 ± 0.04) mm, respectively, which were significantly less than those of the first metatarsal head The medial and lateral fiber thickness, P <0.05. Conclusion The superficial plantar aponeurosis is mainly involved in the formation of the anterolateral fat pad. The deep plantar aponeurosis plays a very important role in maintaining the stability of the arch of the foot. When the foot is stressed, Total plantar nerve, toe total vascular pressure.