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为了解决高流速有压弯曲管道内常出现壁面负压、空化等水力学问题,结合卡基娃水电站生态流量放水管工程,采用模型试验、数值模拟及理论分析方法,研究出口面积对高流速弯曲管道内压力分布及水流空化数的影响。结果表明:出口面积较大时,弯管内存在较大的负压,高水位时,弯管段水流空化数小于初生空化数;当出口面积缩小为原面积的81.6%时,在不同水位下,弯管内水流空化数增大了2~4倍,弯管在各水位时水流空化数均大于初生空化数;基于能量方程,建立有压弯管水流空化数的理论计算方法,计算结果与模型试验及数值模拟结果吻合良好。
In order to solve the hydraulics problems such as wall negative pressure and cavitation in high pressure bent pipe with high flow rate, combined with the ecological flow discharge pipe project of Kapikawa Hydropower Station, model test, numerical simulation and theoretical analysis were used to study the influence of outlet area to high flow velocity Effect of Pressure Distribution in Curved Pipe and Flow Cavitation Number. The results show that when the outlet area is large, there is a large negative pressure in the elbow. When the water level is high, the number of cavitation in the elbow section is smaller than the number of primary cavitation. When the outlet area is reduced to 81.6% of the original area, Under the water level, the number of cavitation in the elbow increases by 2 ~ 4 times, and the number of cavitation in the water pipe at each level is larger than the number of primary cavitation. Based on the energy equation, the theory of cavitation number in the elbow is established Calculation method, the calculated results agree well with the model test and numerical simulation results.