新疆焉耆盆地平原区地下水呈碱性环境,用PHREEQC软件中反向水文地球化学模拟的方法对此演化机理做了水-岩作用模拟。模拟结果表明:研究区潜水、浅层承压水及深层承压水在地下水流动方向上由上游至下游的演化过程中基本以石膏、方解石等矿物的溶解;白云石等的沉淀以及阳离子交换作用为主。从研究区上游往下,水中矿物相迁入、迁出的数量逐渐增大,水-岩作用逐渐增强。得到的结论有:矿物相的溶解析出和阳离子交换作用共同控制着演化,焉耆盆地平原区地下水由浅至深阳离子交换作用越来越强烈;各模拟路径物质转移量阳离子交换作用比溶解沉淀作用多2~5个数量级,说明阳离子交换作用强于溶解沉淀作用。 The groundwater in the Yanqi Basin plain area in Xinjiang shows an alkaline environment. Water-rock interaction simulation is made on this evolution mechanism by means of reverse hydrogeochemical simulation in PHREEQC software. The simulation results show that the submarine, shallow confined water and deep confined water in the study area are mainly dissolved by gypsum, calcite and other minerals during the evolution from upstream to downstream in the direction of groundwater flow; dolomite precipitation and cation exchange Mainly. From the upper reaches of the study area, the amount of migrated and migrated minerals gradually increased and the water-rock effect gradually increased. The conclusions are as follows: the dissolution and cation exchange of mineral phase jointly control the evolution, and the groundwater in the Yanqi Basin is more and more intense from shallow to deep cation exchange; the cation exchange activity of each simulated path is more than the dissolution and sedimentation ~ 5 orders of magnitude, indicating that the cation exchange is stronger than the dissolution and sedimentation.