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目的研究蝙蝠葛新病害—靶斑病的病原菌及其生物学特性和药剂敏感性。方法组织分离法获得分离物并进行致病性测定;结合病原形态特征、培养特性及r DNA-ITS序列分析确定病菌分类地位;研究培养基种类、温度、p H值、碳氮源、光照对菌丝生长和菌核产生的影响;并用生长速率法测定病菌对14种杀菌剂的敏感性。结果蝙蝠葛靶斑病由Streptobotrys caulophylli引起。菌丝生长最佳培养基为PDA培养基,菌核形成最佳培养基为PDA和PSA培养基;菌丝生长适宜温度为20~28℃,最适温度25℃;菌核产生适宜温度范围10~30℃,最适温度30℃;p H 4~9适宜菌丝生长,p H5~11菌核产生数量最多;菌丝生长最佳碳源为蔗糖,氮源为L-谷氨酰胺;菌核生长最佳碳源为菊糖和蔗糖,最佳氮源为硝酸钠;全光照利于菌丝生长,全黑暗利于菌核形成。病菌对腐霉利、嘧菌环胺、异菌脲、咯菌腈、甲霜·锰锌、唑醚·代森联的敏感性较高,其有效中质量浓度(EC50)<1.0 mg/L,EC90<5.0 mg/L。结论首次报道蝙蝠葛靶斑病的病原菌为S.caulophylli;确定了适合菌丝生长和菌核产生的培养基种类、温度、p H值、碳氮源以及光照条件;腐霉利、嘧菌环胺、异菌脲、咯菌晴、甲霜·锰锌、唑醚·代森联6种药剂可作为病害田间防治的备选药剂。
Objective To study the pathogens of the new species of bats, the target bacterium, and their biological characteristics and drug sensitivity. Methods The isolates were obtained by tissue isolation method and the pathogenicity was determined. The pathogen was identified according to its morphological characteristics, culture characteristics and r DNA-ITS sequence analysis. The effects of medium type, temperature, p H value, carbon and nitrogen sources, Mycelium growth and sclerotia; and growth rate method to determine the sensitivity of bacteria to 14 fungicides. Results The bats target spot disease is caused by Streptobotrys caulophylli. The best medium for mycelial growth was PDA medium, and the best culture medium for sclerotia formation was PDA and PSA medium. The suitable temperature for mycelial growth was 20-28 ℃ and the optimum temperature was 25 ℃. The suitable temperature range was 10 ~ 30 ℃, the optimum temperature was 30 ℃; p H 4 ~ 9 was suitable for mycelium growth, the number of p H5 ~ 11 sclerotia was the most; the best carbon source for mycelial growth was sucrose and nitrogen source was L-glutamine; The best carbon source for nuclear growth was inulin and sucrose, and the best nitrogen source was sodium nitrate. The full light was beneficial to mycelial growth and the whole darkness was conducive to the formation of sclerotia. The sensitivity of the bacterium to pyrethrum, cyproterone, iprodione, fludioxonil, mefenozamate and azole ether was high, and its effective concentration (EC50) <1.0 mg / L , EC90 <5.0 mg / L. Conclusions The pathogen of bats target spot disease was S.caulophylli, the species, temperature, p H value, carbon and nitrogen sources and light conditions suitable for mycelial growth and sclerotia were identified. Amine, iprodione, slightly bactericidal, metalaxyl, manganese oxide, oxazolone · dexamethasone 6 kinds of agents can be used as disease prevention and treatment of the field of alternative agents.