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研究我国血透患者的心理状况并进行针对性的心理治疗。方法 采用症状自评量表(SCL90-R)、多维度健康状况心理控制源量表(MHLC)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)及终末期肾脏病(ESRD)患者专用的生活质量表对北京六个医院透析中心的92名维持性血透患者进行了心理状态的研究,并与美国及加拿大相同的研究进行了比较分析。结果 本组的血透存在着抑郁、焦虑、恐怖等心理障碍,出现心理障碍的比例显著高于美国同类患者(P<0.01),且焦虑的发生率高于美国同类患者(P<0.01)。这些障碍与MHLC中机遇项分(CED)显著相关(P<0.01)。EPQ中神经质项分高者倾向于发生抑郁、焦虑等心理障碍。本组的血透患者客观生活质量较加拿大同类患者低(P<0.01),但在总的生活满意度上没有显著性差异。生活质量与心理及躯体因素均呈显著相关,心理障碍与躯体症状也显著相关(P<0.01)。结论 本组的血透患者心理状态与美国加拿大同类患者相比既有相同之处,又有特殊之处。我们应该兼顾病人的躯体和精神两方面的健康,努力提高他们的生活质量。
Study the psychology of hemodialysis patients in our country and carry out targeted psychotherapy. Methods The quality of life questionnaire (SCL90-R), MHLC, EPQ and ESRD were used to evaluate the quality of life of Beijing Ninety-two patients with maintenance hemodialysis in six hospital dialysis centers performed psychological status studies and conducted comparative analyzes with the same studies in the United States and Canada. Results There was depression, anxiety and terror in hemodialysis group. The incidence of psychological disorder was significantly higher in American hemodialysis patients than in American patients (P <0.01), and the incidence of anxiety was higher than that in American patients (P <0.01). These disorders were significantly associated with the opportunity entry in MHLC (CED) (P <0.01). EPQ neurotic score higher tend to depression, anxiety and other psychological disorders. The objective quality of life of patients with hemodialysis in this group was lower than that of similar patients in Canada (P <0.01), but there was no significant difference in overall life satisfaction. There was a significant correlation between quality of life and psychology and somatic factors. Psychological disorders were also significantly associated with somatic symptoms (P <0.01). Conclusion This group of patients with hemodialysis psychology state and the United States similar to the Canadian patients have similarities, but also special. We should take into account both the physical and mental health of patients and strive to improve their quality of life.