[目的]旨在探究梨胶胞炭疽病菌的生物学特性。[方法]从采集的病样分离并鉴定出梨胶胞炭疽病菌25株。采用梨果表面刺伤后接种菌块的方法,观察炭疽病菌对砀山酥梨的致病性。平板接种炭疽病菌菌块,测试不同培养温度、pH值、碳源、氮源对炭疽病菌菌丝生长的影响。[结果]参试的25株炭疽病菌中3株致病性较强,18株致病性中等,4株致病性较弱。致病性强的菌株其菌落颜色较深,菌丝浓密;致病性弱的菌株其菌落颜色均为白色,菌丝稀疏。菌落生长快,菌株的致病性较强;菌落生长慢,菌株的致病性较弱。菌株的产孢能力和致病性之间无相关性。梨胶胞炭疽病菌最适生长温度为25～30℃,最适生长pH值为5.0～7.0;菌丝对多种单糖和双糖等碳源及有机氮、无机氮均可利用,最适碳源为蔗糖,最适氮源为牛肉浸膏。[结论]该研究有利于加深对梨胶胞炭疽病的认识,有助于更有效地控制该病。 [Objective] The aim was to explore the biological characteristics of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. [Method] 25 strains of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were isolated and identified from the collected samples. The method of inoculating bacteria after puncturing the surface with pear fruit was used to observe the pathogenicity of anthracnose to Dangshan pear. The plates were inoculated with anthracnose bacteria to test the effects of different culture temperature, pH value, carbon source and nitrogen source on the mycelium growth of anthracnose. [Result] Three strains of pathogenic bacteria were tested in 25 strains of pathogenic bacteria, 18 were moderately pathogenic and 4 were weakly pathogenic. Pathogenic strains colony darker, dense mycelium; pathogenic weak strains of their colony color are white, mycelium sparse. Colonies grow fast, strong pathogenic strains; colonies grow slowly, the pathogenicity of strains is weak. There was no correlation between the sporulation ability and pathogenicity of the strains. The optimum temperature for growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was 25 ~ 30 ℃ and the optimal pH value was 5.0 ~ 7.0. The hyphae could be used for various carbon sources such as monosaccharide and disaccharide, organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen, Carbon source is sucrose, the most suitable nitrogen source is beef extract. [Conclusion] This study is beneficial to deepen the understanding of pear collet anthracnose and help to control the disease more effectively.