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目的了解成都市饮用水基本情况,为开展成都市饮用水危害分析和关键控制点(HACCP)研究,改善农村集中式供水安全提供依据。方法对成都市21个区(市)县饮用水基本情况进行基线调查,项目涉及供水单位数量与覆盖人口、水源类型、制水工艺与消毒方式情况等。结果截至2015-06-30,成都市有市政供水单位22个,农村集中式供水单位371个,农村饮水安全工程125个,分散式供水村落2 048个;77.3%的市政集中式供水为地表水,91.1%的城市自建设施供水为地下水,75.2%的农村集中式供水为地下水;86.4%市政集中式供水进行了完全处理,而农村集中式供水完全处理比例为34.4%,未处理比例为26.8%;所有市政集中式供水单位都配备了消毒设施,其中63.6%采用液氯消毒方式,39.4%采用二氧化氯消毒方式,94.0%的农村集中式供水单位配备了消毒设施,其中75.0%采用二氧化氯消毒方式。结论市政集中式供水单位对源水和制水工艺管理较规范,农村集中式供水单位规模小、数量多,制水工艺与消毒工艺均有待改进。
Objective To understand the basic situation of drinking water in Chengdu and to provide a basis for the research on the hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) of drinking water in Chengdu and the improvement of the centralized water supply safety in rural areas. Methods The baseline survey of drinking water in 21 districts (cities) and counties in Chengdu was carried out. The project involved the number of water supply units, the population covered, the type of water source, the process of making water and the mode of disinfection. Results As of June 30, 2015, there were 22 municipal water supply units in Chengdu, 371 rural centralized water supply units, 125 rural drinking water safety projects and 2 048 dispersed water supply villages. 77.3% of municipal centralized water supply was surface water , 91.1% of urban self-built facilities supply groundwater, 75.2% of rural centralized water supply is groundwater; 86.4% of municipal centralized water supply has been completely treated, while the rural centralized water supply fully handled the proportion of 34.4%, untreated ratio of 26.8 %; All municipal centralized water supply units are equipped with disinfection facilities, of which 63.6% use liquid chlorine disinfection, 39.4% use chlorine dioxide disinfection, 94.0% of rural centralized water supply units are equipped with disinfection facilities, of which 75.0% Chlorine chlorine disinfection methods. Conclusion Municipal centralized water supply units regulate the process of source water and water preparation. Small and large-scale rural centralized water supply units need to be improved.