目的总结溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的临床特点及治疗体会,提高对本病诊治的认识。方法收集住院患者30例的相关资料,总结其临床特点及治疗方案。结果30例住院病例中,男女之比为1.30∶1,平均发病年龄46.3岁,高峰年龄段为31～60岁,有93.33%的患者病程小于10年。主要临床表现为腹泻、粘液血便、腹痛等,伴肠外表现者占13.33%。大肠镜检查以黏膜破损、炎症、出血为主要表现。病变范围以侵犯直肠及乙状结结肠者最多,二者合计占48.15%。病理组织检查,均有固有膜活动期非特异性炎症,部分伴有黏膜糜烂、溃疡、腺体非典型性增生及隐窝脓肿。并发穿孔1例,未发现癌变者。主要予糖皮质激素或/及SASP/5-ASA治疗。结论本组UC患者病程相对短,主要临床表现是腹泻、粘液血便、腹痛等,病变位于左半结肠为主,肠外表现者相对较多。结肠镜及活检病理组织检查是诊断UC的主要方法。并发症发生率低,无癌变者。氨基水杨酸盐及皮质类固醇仍是治疗UC的主要药物。 Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics and treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) and to improve the understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Methods Thirty patients with inpatients were collected and their clinical features and treatment were summarized. Results Among the 30 cases, the ratio of men to women was 1.30:1. The average age of onset was 46.3 years. The peak age was 31-60 years. The duration of disease was less than 10 years in 93.33% of the patients. The main clinical manifestations of diarrhea, mucus bloody stool, abdominal pain, with parenteral performance accounted for 13.33%. Colonoscopy to mucosal damage, inflammation, bleeding as the main performance. The extent of lesions to infringe the rectum and sigmoid colon the most, the two together accounted for 48.15%. Pathological examination, there are non-specific inflammation of the intrinsic membrane activity, some with mucosal erosion, ulcers, gland atypical hyperplasia and crypt abscess. Perforation in 1 case, no cancers were found. Mainly glucocorticoid or / and SASP / 5-ASA treatment. Conclusion The course of UC patients in this group is relatively short, the main clinical manifestations are diarrhea, mucus bloody stool, abdominal pain and so on. The lesions are mainly in the left colon and the extraintestinal manifestations are relatively more. Colonoscopy and biopsy pathology is the main method of diagnosis of UC. The incidence of complications is low, no cancer. Aminosalicylates and corticosteroids are still the mainstay of treatment for UC.