缩窄性心包炎(CP)与限制型心肌病(RCM)的临床症状和体征极为相似,故鉴别诊断相当困难,临床上常常发生误诊。国内报告经尸检证实为 RCM 5倒中,4例生前误诊为 CP,3例曾作手术探查.上海中山医院报告 RCM 8例,4例误诊为心包病而开胸探查.Meaney 等诊治1例临床表现为 CP 特征的心脏淀粉样变性患者,在作心导管检查后仍误诊为 CP 而进行开胸探查,术后24小时病人死亡,足见此两 Symptoms and signs of constrictive pericarditis (CP) and restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) are very similar, so the differential diagnosis is quite difficult, often clinically misdiagnosed. 4 cases were previously misdiagnosed as CP, and 3 cases were operated for exploration.Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital reported 8 cases of RCM, 4 cases of misdiagnosed as pericardial disease and thoracotomy .Meaney and other treatment of a clinical Patients presenting with cardiac amyloidosis characterized by CP were still underwent thoracotomy for misdiagnosed CP after cardiac catheterization and died 24 hours after surgery,