负数的概念及正负数的运算,是数学的量基本的概念与运算之一,它不仅在数学中占有极其重要的位置,而且广泛应用于物理学、化学以及其他科学领域。我国是世界上最早提出负数概念和最早使用正负数运算的国家。据史书记载,我国在西汉(约在公元一世纪左右)已经有了负数的概念,并在实际计算中,用 The concept of negative numbers and the calculation of positive and negative numbers are one of the basic concepts and operations of mathematics. They not only occupy an extremely important place in mathematics, but also are widely used in physics, chemistry and other fields of science. My country is the first country in the world to propose the concept of negative numbers and the earliest to use positive and negative numbers. According to historical records, in the Western Han Dynasty (about the first century AD), there has been a concept of negative numbers. In actual calculation,