目的探讨慢性ＨＢＶ感染中Ｔｈ１／Ｔｈ２应答特征及其与乙肝病毒（ＨＢＶ）侵犯外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）的关系．方法研究对象为６０例慢性ＨＢＶ感染者．ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测患者ＰＢＭＣ体外植物血凝素（ＰＨＡＰ）刺激培养上清液中Ｔｈ１类细胞因子（ＩＬ２，ＩＦＮγ）和Ｔｈ２类细胞因子（ＩＬ４，ＩＬ１０），套式多聚酶链反应（ｎＰＣＲ）检测ＰＢＭＣ中ＨＢＶＤＮＡ．统计学处理采用ｔ检验、方差分析和卡方检验．结果６６６７％（４０／６０）的慢性ＨＢＶ感染者ＰＢＭＣ中检出ＨＢＶＤＮＡ，其中９例血清ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阴性；慢性ＨＢＶ感染者ＰＢＭＣ分泌Ｔｈ１类细胞因子量明显低于正常对照，Ｐ＜００１（ｐｇ／ｍＬ，ＩＬ２：５４４０±１７９２ｖｓ７４５３±１７７３），Ｔｈ２类细胞因子显著高于对照组，Ｐ＜００１（ｐｇ／ｍＬ，ＩＬ４：９８２３±２３２７ｖｓ２９５７±１１３６，ＩＬ１０：ｐｇ／ｍＬ，５６７７±１９０２ｖｓ２５３０±８８７）；ＰＢＭＣ中ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性组与阴性组比较，ＩＬ２水平相对高，Ｐ＜００１（ｐｇ／ｍＬ，６４４０±２３７３ｖｓ４０４０±１５８９），而ＩＬ１０相对低，Ｐ＜００? Objective To investigate the characteristics of Th1 / Th2 response in chronic HBV infection and its relationship with hepatitis B virus (HBV) invasion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Methods The subjects were 60 patients with chronic HBV infection. The levels of Th1 cytokines (IL2, IFNγ) and Th2 cytokines (IL4, IL10) in the culture supernatant of PBMCs were detected by ELISA. Chain reaction (n PCR) detection of PBMC HBVDNA. Statistical analysis using t test, analysis of variance and chi-square test. Results 66. 67% (40/60) patients with chronic HBV infection detected HBVDNA in PBMCs, of which 9 cases were negative for HBVDNA. The amount of Th1-type cytokines secreted by PBMC from patients with chronic HBV infection was significantly lower than that of normal controls (P <001 (Pg / mL, IL  2: 5440 ± 1792vs7453 ± 1773), Th2 type cytokines were significantly higher than the control group, P <001 (pg / mL, IL  4: 98  23 ± 2327vs2957 ± 1136, IL10: pg / mL, 5677 ± 1902vs2530 ± 887); PBMC HBVDNA positive group compared with the negative group, IL  2 levels relative High, P <001 (pg / mL, 6440 ± 2373vs4040 ± 1589), while IL10 was relatively low, P <00 ~