论文部分内容阅读
为了明确YS型小麦温敏不育系雄性败育发生的具体时期和败育的细胞学机理,以温敏不育系A731和其同型保持系731B为供试材料,采用花粉粒制片和石蜡切片法,对其花药形态特征及小孢子形成和发育过程进行细胞学观察。结果表明,不育系和保持系均能进行正常的减数分裂形成小孢子;保持系731B的花药和小孢子发育正常,只有极少数后期发育不正常;不育系A731花粉不育类型为典败和圆败;单核期小孢子可正常形成核,二核期正常形成营养核和精核,但有些营养核不清晰,三核期花粉粒染色后精核呈圆形,不能形成梭形精子;二核期花药中绒毡层提前解离侵入药室,造成小孢子败育。表明该温敏不育系的败育主要发生在二核期到三核期,推测二核期是其雄性败育发生的关键时期,败育的原因可能与绒毡层结构的异常有关。
In order to clarify the specific period and abiotic cytological mechanism of male sterility of thermo-sensitive genic male sterile wheat YS, Thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line A731 and its isoforms maintainer line 731B were used as experimental materials, pollen grains preparation and paraffin The morphology of anther and cytology of microspore formation and development were observed. The results showed that both sterile and maintainer lines were able to undergo normal meiosis to form microspores. The anthers and microspores that maintained line 731B developed normally with only a few abnormalities at the late stage. The sterile type of male sterile line A731 was typical Defeat and round failure; microspore nuclei can form normally in mononuclear stage, while vegetative nucleus and nucleus accumbens nucleate normally in dull nucleus, but some nuclei of nutrient nucleus are not clear; nucleus of pollen nuclei in nucleus are round and can not form fusiform Spermatozoa; anther velvet tape in the early stage of nuclear dissociation invade the drug compartment, resulting in microspore abortion. The results showed that the abortion of the thermo-sensitive sterile line mainly occurred in the dinucleate to the trinuclear phase. It was speculated that the dinucleate stage was the critical stage of male abortion. The reason of abortion might be related to the abnormal tapetum structure.