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目的:对利巴韦林和干扰素α的不良事件（AE）进行数据挖掘，为鉴别应用这两种药物治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎（新冠肺炎）过程中出现的临床症状/体征和实验室检查异常是药物引起还是疾病本身所致提供依据。方法:根据文献及《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案（试行第五版）》中提到的新冠肺炎症状/体征及实验室检查异常结果选出本研究关注的AE。收集2004年1月1日至2019年12月31日美国FDA不良事件报告系统（FAERS）相关数据，采用报告比值比（n ROR）法对利巴韦林和干扰素α进行数据挖掘。n 结果:设定时段内FAERS数据库共收到7 582 463份药物相关的有效AE报告，其中利巴韦林31 775份，干扰素α 2 345份。分析结果显示，在呼吸系统、胸及纵隔疾病中可能与利巴韦林具有相关性的AE有鼻充血、咳嗽、喉疼痛、咽部水肿、咳痰和呼吸困难，可能与干扰素α具有相关性的AE有喉疼痛和咯血；在其他系统器官分类中可能与利巴韦林和干扰素α均具有相关性的AE包括发热、寒冷感、疲乏、恶心、呕吐、腹泻、头痛、关节痛、肌痛和皮疹。在实验室检查异常AE中，与利巴韦林相关的有白细胞计数降低、血小板计数降低、天冬氨酸转氨酶升高和丙氨酸转氨酶升高；与干扰素α相关的有白细胞计数降低、淋巴细胞计数降低、血小板计数降低、天冬氨酸转氨酶升高和丙氨酸转氨酶升高。结论:利巴韦林和干扰素α相关AE中一部分与新冠肺炎的临床表现和实验室检查异常结果相似，临床实践中应当注意鉴别。“,”Objective:To identify which induced the symptoms/signs and laboratory abnormal findings occurred in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia, by disease itself or by ribavirin and interferon-alpha treatments, through mining the adverse events (AEs) signals of the 2 antivirus agents.Methods:According to the symptoms/signs and laboratory abnormal findings of novel coronavirus pneumonia mentioned in the literature and “Diagnosis and Treatment scheme of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (trial version 5)” , AEs in this study were selected. Related data were collected from the U.S. FDA Adverse Events Reporting System (FARES) from Jan 1, 2004 to Dec 31, 2019, and the reporting odds ratio ( n ROR) method was used for signals detection for the above-mentioned 2 drugs.n Results:A total of 7 582 463 AEs related to drugs were reported in the FAERS database, of which 31 775 related to ribavirin and 2 345 related to interferon-alpha. The results showed that AEs related to ribavirin in respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders were nasal congestion, cough, laryngeal pain, pharyngeal oedema, productive cough, and dyspnoea; AEs related to interferon-alpha were laryngeal pain and haemoptysis. In other system organ class, AEs related to above 2 drugs were pyrexia, feeling cold, pyrexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache, arthralgia, myalgia, and rash. AEs of laboratory abnormal results related to ribavirin were white blood cell/platelet count decrease and aspartate/alanine aminotransferase increase; AEs related to interferon-alpha were white blood cell/platelet count decrease, aspartate/alanine aminotransferase increase, and lymphocyte count decrease.Conclusion:Some AEs induced by ribavirin and interferon-alpha were similar to symptoms/signs and laboratory abnormal findings of novel coronavirus pneumonia, which should be distinguished in the clinical practice.