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目的探讨染色体异常对生育的影响和30年来自然流产人群中异常核型类型与分布频率的变化。方法收集1982-2011年的651对(1302例)自然流产夫妇病例的染色体核型资料,进行回顾性分析,采用外周血淋巴细胞培养-G显带方法。结果 1302例患者中一共检出染色体畸变41例(3.15%),染色体异态148例(11.37%),总的染色体异常率为14.52%。将每10年的资料进行比较,与1992-2001年相比,2002-2011年染色体畸变率有升高(P<0.05);与1982-1991年相比,1992-2001年和2002-2011年的染色体异态检出率升高(P<0.05)。结论在自然流产夫妇中,染色体异常的发生率较高,而且近年有增加趋势。
Objective To investigate the effects of chromosomal abnormalities on fertility and the changes of abnormal karyotypes and distribution frequency in spontaneous abortion population over the past 30 years. Methods Chromosomal karyotype data of 651 pairs of spontaneous abortion couples from 1982 to 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured with G-banding method. Results A total of 1302 cases of chromosome aberrations were detected in 41 cases (3.15%), 148 cases of chromosome abnormalities (11.37%), the total chromosomal abnormality rate was 14.52%. Comparisons of data every 10 years showed an increase in chromosome aberration rates from 2002 to 2011 (P <0.05) as compared to 1992-2001; compared with 1982-1991, 1992-2001 and 2002-2011 (P <0.05). Conclusions Among spontaneous abortion couples, the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities is high, and there is an increasing trend in recent years.