在双河油田近２０年的高效开发过程中，流体性质发生了变化，对油层造成不同程度的损害。主要表现在：①注入水的长期冲刷，加大了储集层物性和孔隙结构变化速度，使得后期储集层各类溶孔非常发育，孔隙和喉道在三维空间上的分布、组合及配置关系更加复杂，它与注入水的水质及与地层水的配伍性和储集层敏感性有关，是油层损害的主要原因。②地层水中离子的变化，特别是某些阳离子（Ｃａ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋、Ｋ＋、Ｎａ＋等）易与岩石颗粒进行离子交换，造成矿物的转化、溶解和沉淀，形成更多的地层微粒和细小喉道，增大油层渗透率非均质性。③原油在地层中含盐量、含硫量、含蜡量的变化等也可使油层渗透性能变差。④外来液体对地层的水锁效应，降低了油相渗透率；润湿性反转造成地层损害；细菌繁殖造成注水井地层堵塞，固体颗粒堵塞孔隙、喉道等。流体性质的变化与油层物性变化关系密切，是当前储集层损害及评价研究的重要组成部分。照片６图２表３参３（郭海莉摘） During the nearly 20 years of high-efficiency development in Shuanghe Oilfield, the fluid properties have changed, causing some damage to the oil layer. Mainly in: ① long-term infiltration of water, increased reservoir physical properties and pore structure of the rate of change, so that all kinds of later reservoir pore development, pore and throat in the three-dimensional space distribution, composition and configuration The relationship is more complicated. It is related to the water quality of injection water and the compatibility with formation water and reservoir sensitivity, which is the main reason for reservoir damage. (2) ion changes in formation water, especially some cations (Ca2 +, Mg2 +, K +, Na +, etc.) are easy to ion exchange with rock particles, resulting in the transformation, dissolution and precipitation of minerals to form more formation particles and throats, Increase reservoir permeability heterogeneity. ③ crude oil in the formation of salt content, sulfur content, wax content changes can also make the permeability deterioration. ④ foreign liquid water lock effect on the formation, reducing the permeability of the oil; wettability caused by stratigraphic damage caused by reversal; bacterial breeding wells caused by plugging wells, solid particles plug pores, throats and so on. The change of fluid properties is closely related to the change of reservoir physical properties, which is an important part of current reservoir damage assessment. Photo 6 Figure 2 Table 3 Reference 3 (Guo Haili Abstract)