论文部分内容阅读
从泥炭、褐煤、风化煤和土壤中提得的腐植酸以及褐煤经稀硝酸处理后提得的腐植酸用化学和物理方法表征所得的结果说明,它们的结构有差别;反映在它们的一些使用性能上也有所不同.结构上的一个比较重要的差别是它们所含的脂肪链数目多寡不一.在腐植酸的红外光谱图上,表征脂肪链结构的 v_(CH)_(?)和 v_(CH)_(?)谱带被强又宽的 v_(OH)谱带遮盖,因而很难辨认.近年来,用 HNMR 和~(13)CNMR 研究腐植酸中脂肪链的结构已取得不少进展,但结果还不太满意.MacCarthy 等通过腐植酸与 D_2O 的氘化反应将各种 OH 转变为 OD,使原先在2500～3700cm~(-1)的 v_(ON)谱带位移到1800～2700cm~(-1),为研究2800cm~(-1)以上的谱带创造了一个有利的条件.但是氘化的操作步骤较为繁琐,D_2O 的耗量也较多.后来,MacCarthy 等在研
Humic acid extracted from peat, lignite, weathered coal and soil, and chemical and physical characterization of the humic acid extracted from lignite with dilute nitric acid showed that their structures differed; they are reflected in some of their uses Performance is different.Structural a more important difference is that they contain more than the number of different aliphatic chains.In the infrared spectra of humic acid, characterize the structure of the aliphatic chain v_ (CH) _ (?) And v_ (CH) _ (?) Bands have been covered by the strong and wide v_ (OH) band, which makes it hard to identify.In recent years, the structure of fatty chains in humic acid has been studied by HNMR and ~ (13) CNMR But the results are still not satisfactory.MacCarthy and so on through the deuterium reaction of humic acid and D_2O will be a variety of OH into OD, so that the original 2500 ~ 3700cm ~ (v) (ON) band shifted 1800 ~ 2700cm -1, creating a favorable condition for the study of the bands above 2800cm -1, but the operation steps of deuteration are more complicated and the consumption of D 2 O is greater. Later, MacCarthy et al.